The corrected 2026 Global Innovation Index (GII) cluster ranking puts Shenzhen–Hong Kong–Guangzhou first. India’s Bengaluru cluster ranks 25th and Delhi 27th by global scale; Delhi is 96th on WIPO’s separate intensity measure. The list measures concentrations of patenting, scientific publishing and venture-capital activity—not which cities are best places to live or launch a startup.
Top 10 innovation clusters in the GII 2026
These are WIPO’s corrected rankings by cluster scale, not its separate ranking by innovation intensity.
| Rank | Innovation cluster | Economy |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shenzhen–Hong Kong–Guangzhou | China / Hong Kong, China |
| 2 | Tokyo–Yokohama | Japan |
| 3 | San Jose–San Francisco, CA | United States |
| 4 | Beijing | China |
| 5 | Seoul | Republic of Korea |
| 6 | Shanghai–Suzhou | China |
| 7 | New York City, NY | United States |
| 8 | London | United Kingdom |
| 9 | Boston–Cambridge, MA | United States |
| 10 | Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto | Japan |
WIPO’s corrected 2026 GII release identifies Bengaluru as India’s highest-ranked cluster. India has four clusters in the global top 100.
Where Bengaluru and Delhi rank
| Indian cluster | Global scale rank, 2026 | Intensity rank, 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| Bengaluru | 25 | not stated (WIPO corrected 2026 release) |
| Delhi | 27 | 96 |
The gap in Delhi’s ranks illustrates that scale and intensity answer different questions. Its 27th-place global scale position reflects the overall concentration of measured activity; its 96th-place intensity position compares that activity relative to population. One rank should not be substituted for the other.
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What WIPO counts as an innovation cluster
WIPO identifies clusters from the bottom up, rather than treating city or national administrative boundaries as the only limits. A cluster may span neighboring jurisdictions when activity and connections support grouping them. The measures track three geographies:
- Locations of inventors named in published Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) applications.
- Affiliations of authors of scientific articles.
- Locations of companies receiving venture-capital funding.
WIPO’s methodology excerpt describes fractional counting: when inventors or authors are associated with more than one location, activity is allocated according to their shares rather than credited wholly to each place. Nearby clusters may also be merged when proximity and collaboration relationships support doing so.
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The indexed methodology excerpt reports approximately 1.3 million PCT applications published from 2021 to 2025, containing 4.4 million inventor addresses, and 8.6 million scientific articles from 2020 to 2024, containing 30.4 million author addresses. These are the data coverage figures described in that excerpt; they are not a count of clusters or a guarantee that every location contributes equally.
Scale is not the same as intensity
The top 10 above ranks clusters by global scale. WIPO’s intensity measure adjusts combined innovation activity relative to population, so it can produce a different ordering. A large cluster can rank highly by total activity without ranking as highly per person; a smaller place can be more intense relative to its population.
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For that reason, the GII cluster scale list should not be read as a general “best startup cities” list, a city-quality ranking, or a country’s overall GII position. Those questions use different criteria and are not measured by this top 10.
Regional and national distribution
The top-100 distribution shows that the leading clusters are concentrated across several major regions, with China and the United States accounting for many clusters.
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| Geography | Number of clusters in top 100, 2026 |
|---|---|
| China | 25 |
| United States | 20 |
| India | 4 |
| South-eastern Asia, Eastern Asia and Oceania | 36 |
| Europe | 30 |
| Northern America | 23 |
National and regional totals describe where top-100 clusters are located; they do not measure the average intensity of innovation in those places.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.WIPO corrected the 2026 cluster results
WIPO’s September 8, 2026 release says its first version contained a data input error affecting venture-capital deal figures for eight clusters. It recalculated the results, and some top-100 ranks changed. The affected clusters were Shenzhen–Hong Kong–Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai–Suzhou, Nanjing, Washington DC–Baltimore, Philadelphia, Amsterdam–Rotterdam and Istanbul. WIPO said all other figures remained verified. The table in this article uses the corrected release, not the superseded first version.
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About the 2026 Global Innovation Index
The 2026 GII is WIPO’s 19th edition. In its 2026 survey, 93 of 120 responding Member States (78%) said they use the GII, most often to improve innovation ecosystems and policies. WIPO Director General Daren Tang described leading clusters as “building blocks of national innovation ecosystems,” emphasizing links among research, enterprise, talent and investment.
For the corrected rankings and WIPO’s explanation, see the official 2026 GII release and its correction notice.
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