To export several images into one PDF with jsPDF, create one jsPDF document, call addImage() once for each image, and call addPage() whenever the next image needs a new page. Calculate the displayed width and height from each image’s aspect ratio so it is not distorted, then call save() to download the file.
This guide covers one-image-per-page PDFs, contact sheets, browser loading, image formats, repeated PNG issues, cross-origin failures, memory limits, and a ready-to-run implementation.
How jsPDF places multiple images
addImage() inserts one image at a time. It accepts a data URL, HTMLImageElement, HTMLCanvasElement, Uint8Array, or RGBA image data. You must provide the image format, x and y coordinates, width, and height in the document’s units. JPEG, PNG, and WEBP are documented formats; verify WEBP support in the browser and jsPDF release you deploy.
There are two basic layouts:
- One image per page: call
addPage()before every image after the first. - Contact sheet: keep using the current page, advancing x and y positions in a grid, and add a page when the next row would exceed the usable height.
One image per PDF page
The following browser module accepts an array of already-loaded image elements or canvases. It creates A4 pages in millimetres, centers each image, and fits it inside 10 mm margins without changing its aspect ratio.
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import { jsPDF } from "jspdf";
async function imagesToPdf(images) {
const pdf = new jsPDF({ unit: "mm", format: "a4" });
const pageWidth = pdf.internal.pageSize.getWidth();
const pageHeight = pdf.internal.pageSize.getHeight();
const margin = 10;
for (let i = 0; i < images.length; i += 1) {
if (i > 0) pdf.addPage();
const image = images[i];
const ratio = image.width / image.height;
if (!Number.isFinite(ratio) || ratio <= 0) {
throw new Error(`Image ${i + 1} has no usable dimensions`);
}
const maxWidth = pageWidth - margin * 2;
const maxHeight = pageHeight - margin * 2;
const width = Math.min(maxWidth, maxHeight * ratio);
const height = width / ratio;
const x = (pageWidth - width) / 2;
const y = (pageHeight - height) / 2;
const format = image instanceof HTMLCanvasElement ? "PNG" : "JPEG";
pdf.addImage(image, format, x, y, width, height, `image-${i}`, "FAST", 0);
}
pdf.save("images.pdf");
}
The alias (the seventh argument) gives each image resource a distinct name. The final rotation argument is 0. Change the format to PNG for transparent PNG images or to WEBP when your target environment supports it.
Load files selected by the user
A file input returns File objects, not image elements. Convert each file to an object URL, wait for its dimensions, and revoke the URL after loading. This example preserves each file’s detected MIME type and passes the resulting image element to the PDF function.
function loadImageFile(file) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const url = URL.createObjectURL(file);
const image = new Image();
image.onload = () => {
URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
resolve({ image, format: file.type === "image/png" ? "PNG" :
file.type === "image/webp" ? "WEBP" : "JPEG" });
};
image.onerror = () => {
URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
reject(new Error(`Could not decode ${file.name}`));
};
image.src = url;
});
}
async function exportSelectedFiles(fileList) {
const loaded = await Promise.all([...fileList].map(loadImageFile));
const pdf = new jsPDF({ unit: "mm", format: "a4" });
const pageWidth = pdf.internal.pageSize.getWidth();
const pageHeight = pdf.internal.pageSize.getHeight();
const margin = 10;
loaded.forEach(({ image, format }, index) => {
if (index) pdf.addPage();
const ratio = image.naturalWidth / image.naturalHeight;
const width = Math.min(pageWidth - 2 * margin,
(pageHeight - 2 * margin) * ratio);
const height = width / ratio;
pdf.addImage(image, format, (pageWidth - width) / 2,
(pageHeight - height) / 2, width, height, `file-${index}`, "FAST");
});
pdf.save("images.pdf");
}
// document.querySelector("input[type=file]").addEventListener("change", e =>
// exportSelectedFiles(e.target.files));
Use naturalWidth and naturalHeight for an HTMLImageElement; they describe the source pixels even when CSS resizes the displayed element.
Put several images on each page
For thumbnails or a contact sheet, do not add a page for every image. Track the current column and row, and test the next image against the usable page height before placing it.
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const pdf = new jsPDF({ unit: "mm", format: "a4" });
const pageWidth = pdf.internal.pageSize.getWidth();
const pageHeight = pdf.internal.pageSize.getHeight();
const margin = 10;
const gap = 5;
const cellWidth = (pageWidth - 2 * margin - gap * (columns - 1)) / columns;
const cellHeight = 70;
let column = 0;
let y = margin;
images.forEach((image, index) => {
if (y + cellHeight > pageHeight - margin) {
pdf.addPage();
y = margin;
column = 0;
}
const ratio = image.width / image.height;
const width = Math.min(cellWidth, cellHeight * ratio);
const height = width / ratio;
const x = margin + column * (cellWidth + gap) + (cellWidth - width) / 2;
const imageY = y + (cellHeight - height) / 2;
pdf.addImage(image, "JPEG", x, imageY, width, height,
`contact-${index}`, "FAST");
column += 1;
if (column === columns) {
column = 0;
y += cellHeight + gap;
}
});
pdf.save("contact-sheet.pdf");
}
This uses a fixed cell height, so unusually tall images are scaled to fit. For captions, reserve additional vertical space and draw text with jsPDF’s text methods after each image.
Choosing units, page sizes, and image dimensions
Document units
Set unit to mm, pt, or another supported jsPDF unit, then use that unit consistently for margins and coordinates. The PDF does not infer a physical size from an image’s pixel dimensions; your code decides how many document units the image occupies.
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Aspect-ratio fitting
For a source ratio r = sourceWidth / sourceHeight, first limit the width and height to the available rectangle. A width of min(maxWidth, maxHeight × r), followed by height = width / r, fits the image without cropping or stretching. Centering uses (pageWidth - width) / 2 and (pageHeight - height) / 2.
Portrait and landscape pages
Use new jsPDF({ unit: "mm", format: "a4", orientation: "landscape" }) for landscape pages. If orientation should follow each image, create a document with the first orientation and pass "landscape" or "portrait" to addPage() for subsequent pages, then recalculate page dimensions after changing pages.
Formats, compression, and transparency
- JPEG: suitable for photographs and usually smaller, but it does not preserve transparency.
- PNG: preserves transparency and sharp text or line art. Use the
"PNG"format explicitly. - WEBP: listed by the API, but test the exact browser and jsPDF version used by your application.
The compression argument shown as "FAST" is a jsPDF image-compression setting. The best setting depends on source dimensions, format, and acceptable output size; there is no universal speed or file-size figure. Very large source images can consume substantial browser memory, so resize them before conversion when print resolution does not require the original pixels.
Repeated PNGs showing the wrong image
A reported jsPDF issue describes repeated PNG data URLs rendering as the first image. The targeted workaround is to pass the canvas object directly instead of repeatedly passing equivalent data URLs and to provide a distinct alias for every image, such as image-0, image-1, and so on. This addresses the reported case; it is not a guarantee for every version or input path.
Browser constraints and reliable loading
Cross-origin images
Images loaded from another origin may taint a canvas unless that server sends suitable CORS headers. A tainted canvas cannot be read with toDataURL() or similar APIs. Host the assets on the same origin, configure CORS on the image server, or use a server-side capture workflow.
Wait for decoding
Do not calculate dimensions before the image has loaded. For existing image elements, await image.decode() when available, or listen for load. Reject failed loads so the PDF is not silently generated with missing pages.
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Empty input
Handle an empty array before creating a document, or you may download a PDF with no meaningful content:
if (!images.length) throw new Error("Select at least one image");Troubleshooting
“addImage is not a function”
Make sure the package is imported from jspdf and that you are calling the method on the jsPDF instance, for example pdf.addImage(...), not on the image element.
The PDF downloads but a page is blank
Check that the image’s load or decode promise completed, its width and height are nonzero, and the format argument matches the actual bytes. A canvas with a cross-origin source may also be tainted.
The image is stretched
Do not pass arbitrary width and height values. Compute one dimension from the source ratio and fit both dimensions inside the page or grid cell as shown above.
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Pass each canvas object directly and assign unique aliases. Also ensure your loop is not reusing a single canvas that is overwritten before jsPDF reads it.
The browser becomes unresponsive
Reduce source dimensions, process files in smaller batches, release object URLs, and avoid keeping duplicate data URLs, canvases, and decoded images in memory simultaneously. Exact limits vary by browser, device, image count, and dimensions.
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For a PDF capture, use the API’s PDF options (paper size, margins, landscape, and page ranges) or combine returned images with the jsPDF layouts above. See the ScreenshotNeo documentation for parameters.
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Cost and reliability considerations
jsPDF runs in the user’s browser, so there is no per-page service charge, but the user’s CPU and memory determine how much work can be completed reliably. Keep the document in the same unit system, release temporary objects, and test the largest realistic image set on supported devices.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can I add an image from a Uint8Array instead of an HTML image?
Yes. jsPDF’s addImage API accepts Uint8Array input; provide the correct format and explicit coordinates and dimensions.
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No. It places the image on the current page. Your code must call addPage() and reset layout coordinates when another page is needed.
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