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To connect your own MCP server to Claude Code, choose a transport, register the server with claude mcp add, approve it when prompted, and verify it with claude mcp list, claude mcp get, or /mcp. Local servers normally use stdio; hosted services use HTTP. Older SSE-only services remain usable, and WebSocket is available when you need a persistent bidirectional connection.
What an MCP server does in Claude Code
MCP (Model Context Protocol) is an open-source standard for connecting AI applications to external systems. In Claude Code, an MCP server exposes tools, data sources, or workflows so Claude can work with services such as issue trackers, monitoring dashboards, databases, design tools, and messaging systems.
Your server can run as a process on your computer or as a hosted endpoint. Claude Code does not require the server to be a particular programming language; it needs a reachable command or URL and the correct transport declaration.
Choose where and how the server runs
| Transport | Where it runs | When to choose it | Operational notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| stdio | Your machine | Claude Code should launch a local process | Claude starts the command and passes arguments after --. |
| HTTP | Hosted service | Use a remote MCP endpoint | Supports URL-based registration and optional request headers. |
| SSE | Hosted service | An older service exposes only Server-Sent Events | Deprecated where HTTP is available, but still supported for SSE-only services. |
| WebSocket | Hosted service | You need a persistent, bidirectional connection | Inspect status with claude mcp get or /mcp; WebSocket servers do not appear in claude mcp list. |
Prepare Claude Code and the server
- Install and sign in to Claude Code on the machine where you will run it.
- Decide whether the server is local or hosted and identify its transport.
- Have either a launch command (for stdio) or a complete endpoint URL (for HTTP, SSE, or WebSocket).
- Collect any required authentication value. A remote server may require an
Authorizationheader. - Use a trusted workspace. Project-scoped servers can remain pending until the workspace is trusted and you explicitly approve them.
Build or scaffold your own MCP server
If you are starting from an idea rather than an existing implementation, Claude Code’s official mcp-server-dev plugin can scaffold a server. In Claude Code, run:
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/plugin install mcp-server-dev@claude-plugins-official
Then start the builder:
/mcp-server-dev:build-mcp-server
The builder asks about your use case and scaffolds either a remote HTTP server or a local stdio server. After it creates the project, install that project’s dependencies and test its documented launch command independently before registering it with Claude Code. Keep the server’s source, configuration, and startup instructions together so another developer can reproduce the setup.
Register a local stdio server
Use the general form:
claude mcp add [options] <name> -- <command> [args...]
For example, this registers a Python process named myserver:
claude mcp add --transport stdio myserver -- python server.py --port 8080
The double hyphen is significant. Everything after it is passed to your server; without it, Claude Code may interpret a server flag such as --port as its own option.
Choose the registration scope
Without a scope option, the command writes a local configuration for the current machine. Add --scope project for a team configuration or --scope user for a server available across that user’s projects.
Do these 3 things before closing this tab:
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- Local: machine-specific settings; useful for private development tools.
- Project: shared team configuration, commonly represented in a committed
.mcp.json. - User: applies across the user’s projects.
Do not place API keys or other secrets in a committed project file. Supply credentials through the server’s documented environment-variable or header mechanism.
Register a remote HTTP server
For a hosted endpoint, provide the HTTP transport, a name, and the URL:
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claude mcp add --transport http notion https://mcp.notion.com/mcp
If the endpoint requires a bearer token, add the header:
claude mcp add --transport http notion https://mcp.notion.com/mcp --header "Authorization: Bearer your-token"
Use the same pattern for project or user scope by adding --scope project or --scope user to the command. Confirm which transport the provider documents; a URL alone does not tell Claude Code whether it is HTTP, SSE, or WebSocket.
SSE and WebSocket endpoints
For an older SSE-only service, register it explicitly as SSE:
claude mcp add --transport sse <name> <url>
For a WebSocket service, use:
claude mcp add --transport ws <name> <url>
Replace the angle-bracketed values with the provider’s actual name and endpoint. If you import a JSON configuration, the URL entry must include a transport type such as http, sse, or ws; otherwise Claude Code interprets the entry as stdio and the connection fails.
Convert another client’s MCP configuration
When you already have instructions for another MCP client, translate the information rather than copying the whole file blindly:
| Source information | Claude Code registration |
|---|---|
| A URL | Use remote HTTP, SSE, or WebSocket, matching the provider’s transport. |
| A launch command | Use local stdio and place every server argument after --. |
An mcpServers block |
Extract one server object and pass it to claude mcp add-json. |
A JSON object for a remote HTTP entry must identify its type. For example:
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{
"mcpServers": {
"myserver": {
"type": "http",
"url": "https://example.invalid/mcp"
}
}
}
Use the individual server object with claude mcp add-json according to your shell’s quoting rules. Preserve any provider-required headers, but keep secrets out of files that will be committed.
Approve and verify the connection
- From a shell, list configured servers:
claude mcp list
- Inspect one server in detail:
claude mcp get myserver
- Inside Claude Code, run:
/mcp
These views expose configuration and health information such as connected, authentication required, or failed. A project server may show Pending approval until the workspace is trusted and you approve the server interactively. WebSocket servers are the exception to claude mcp list; inspect them with claude mcp get <name> or /mcp.
Troubleshoot the common failures
Claude treats a remote URL as stdio
Symptom: the server fails immediately or Claude attempts to launch a nonsensical local process.
Cause: the JSON entry has a URL but no transport type.
Fix: add "type": "http", "type": "sse", or "type": "ws", or register it with the matching --transport option.
The server receives no port or other argument
Symptom: a local process starts with defaults or exits because an option is missing.
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Cause: the server arguments were placed before the -- delimiter.
Fix: use claude mcp add --transport stdio name -- command --port 8080; everything after the delimiter belongs to the server.
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Symptom: the configuration exists but tools are unavailable.
Cause: the current workspace is not trusted or interactive approval has not been granted.
Fix: trust the workspace, approve the server when Claude Code asks, then check claude mcp get name and /mcp.
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Symptom: the endpoint is reachable but cannot be used.
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Fix: add the provider’s required header, such as --header "Authorization: Bearer your-token", or configure credentials using the server’s documented environment-variable method. Never paste a live secret into a project file that will be shared.
The server is listed as failed
Run claude mcp get name for details, then test the launch command or URL outside Claude Code. For stdio, verify the executable, working directory, dependencies, and argument order. For remote services, verify the exact URL, transport, TLS access, and authentication. Correct the registration and check the status again.
Security and operational practices
- Connect only to servers you trust. A server that fetches external content can expose Claude to prompt-injection risk.
- Use the narrowest scope that fits the job. A local server avoids sharing; a project server is convenient for a team but affects everyone who approves it.
- Keep credentials in environment variables or request headers supported by the server, not in committed configuration.
- Give each server a descriptive name so failures and permissions are easy to identify.
- Prefer HTTP when a provider supports it; retain SSE only for services that have not moved to HTTP, and choose WebSocket when persistent bidirectional behavior is required.
- After upgrades, verify with
claude mcp listand a real tool call rather than assuming a previously working process still starts.
Performance, reliability, and cost considerations
Local stdio avoids hosting and network latency, but Claude Code must start the process on each machine that uses it and that machine must have its dependencies. Remote HTTP centralizes deployment and makes a service reachable by multiple approved projects, but it introduces network availability, authentication, and reconnect behavior to manage. SSE can keep an older integration working, while WebSocket is suited to long-lived two-way sessions.
MCP itself does not establish a universal price, uptime, or performance guarantee. Your cost and reliability come from the server implementation and its provider. Measure startup time, upstream API limits, authentication expiry, and failure recovery in the environment where Claude Code will run.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Can a local stdio server be used by teammates?
Not directly from your machine. Use project scope only when the team can run the same command and dependencies, or deploy the server remotely and register its endpoint.
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Identify whether it contains a launch command or a URL, then confirm the URL’s transport and extract one server object from any larger mcpServers block.
Why does a server work from a shell but not in Claude Code?
Compare the registered working directory, executable path, arguments after --, transport type, and authentication headers. The Claude Code status commands usually reveal which of those differs.
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