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Start by removing the recipient from the message, typing the complete address yourself, and checking it character by character. Gmail’s “Address not found” bounce usually means the recipient’s address or mail system rejected delivery—not that Gmail or your internet connection is broken. If the address is correct, inspect the full bounce: a temporary server problem may clear, but a mailbox, domain, or routing issue usually needs attention from the recipient or their email administrator.
What “Address Not Found” means
A bounce-back means Gmail tried to deliver your message but the destination system did not accept it. The address may be mistyped or obsolete, the mailbox may be unavailable, or the recipient’s domain or mail routing may be having a problem. The wording is not proof that the person deleted their account: a receiving server can also use it as a summary for other kinds of rejection.
Open the failed-delivery message and look beyond its headline for the detailed explanation and SMTP status code. Google’s SMTP error reference describes codes such as 550, 551, 553 and 554, as well as enhanced codes such as 4.4.5. The server’s reply text and code are more useful for diagnosis than the short subject or summary alone.
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- Open the bounce-back and note the exact recipient address shown in the failure details.
- Compare it with the address the recipient gave you. Check the spelling, the part after the
@, and the ending such as.comor.org. Look for missing or extra punctuation, quotation marks, a period after the address, and spaces before or after it. Google lists these as common address-entry problems in its bounced-email troubleshooting guidance. - Compose a new message. Delete the recipient chip completely, then type or paste the full address yourself instead of selecting an autocomplete suggestion.
- Send a short test message. If it bounces again, ask the recipient to confirm their current address through another channel.
If you replied to an old email thread, the reply may still be using an address that is no longer valid. Start a new message and verify the address rather than assuming the one in the old thread is current. This is especially worth checking if the recipient changed jobs, schools, or email domains.
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Stop Gmail from reusing a bad autocomplete suggestion
In Gmail on the web, click Compose, start typing in the To field, then right-click the incorrect suggestion’s profile image and choose Hide suggestion. Type the correct address manually. Google’s Gmail composition help documents this option.
Hiding a suggestion is not necessarily the same as deleting the contact behind it. If Gmail keeps offering the wrong address, check Google Contacts as well:
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- Open Google Contacts and select the contact.
- Edit the email address, or select the contact and choose More actions → Delete → Move to trash.
On the web, a deleted contact remains in Trash for 30 days before permanent deletion, according to Google Contacts help. If the suggestion comes from your phone, Outlook, Apple Contacts, or another synced account, correct it in that source too. Google notes that contacts saved to a Google Account sync with Google Contacts and signed-in Android devices; device-only or third-party contacts may need separate changes (contact sync details).
Read the bounce to decide whether to retry
As a practical guide, a response beginning with 5 usually indicates a permanent rejection that needs correction or investigation; repeatedly resending to the same unchanged address is unlikely to help. Google’s SMTP reference gives examples including 550 (mailbox unavailable or message rejected), 551 (recipient mailbox unavailable on the receiving server), 553 (mailbox name does not exist), and 554 (transaction failed without further detail). The exact meaning depends on the server’s accompanying text.
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A response beginning with 4, or wording that says the destination server could not be reached, may indicate a temporary problem. For example, Google identifies enhanced status code 4.4.5 with a temporary network or routing issue. Wait and try again later if the bounce points to a temporary failure. Google says some connection failures can be retried for up to seven days in certain administrator-level delivery scenarios; that does not mean every bounce will resolve if you wait. A 500-series rejection is not a reason to keep resending unchanged.
If the address is correct
Ask the recipient to confirm that the mailbox still exists and can receive mail. If they can receive messages from others but not from you, the detailed rejection may point to a sender-specific block, an organization’s external-sender restriction, a spam or security filter, or a recipient rule. It may also be an old alias that works only inside the organization or a temporary routing problem. Do not assume the recipient blocked you unless the bounce supports that conclusion.
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- Send a plain-text test from a new message, without links or attachments. This is useful only if the detailed bounce suggests a content, spam, or security-policy rejection; it will not fix a nonexistent mailbox.
- Ask the recipient to check spam and any organizational quarantine, filters, or block settings.
- Ask whether colleagues can send to the same address. If nobody can, the mailbox, alias, domain, or mail service is more likely to be at fault.
- If only your messages fail, have the recipient or their administrator check sender-specific restrictions and the full server response.
Even a correctly copied address does not prove that its mailbox or alias exists, that the domain is active, or that external senders are allowed. If the recipient recently created the mailbox, have them verify activation and mail configuration rather than relying on a universal waiting period.
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For a custom-domain or Google Workspace address
An address such as [email protected] may be hosted by Google Workspace or another provider. If the recipient uses Workspace, the recipient or administrator—not the sender’s personal Gmail settings—should check that:
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- The user account, alias, or Google Group exists and is configured to receive the message. Groups may restrict posts from outside the organization.
- Gmail is activated for the organization, the domain is verified and active, and the Workspace account is not suspended.
- The domain registration is active and its MX records point to the organization’s actual mail provider. Google’s receiving-mail troubleshooting guide identifies MX records, account and domain status, and service availability as things administrators should check.
- Routing, split delivery, gateways, TLS or compliance rules, and other mail-flow settings are not rejecting or misdirecting the message. These are administrator-controlled settings; Google describes relevant options in its email routing documentation.
- The provider is not experiencing a service outage. For Workspace, the administrator can also use Email Log Search and check service status as part of the investigation.
Do not change DNS records yourself unless you administer the recipient’s domain. DNS interfaces and required settings vary by provider, and an incorrect change can disrupt mail for the whole domain.
“Gmail is returning an Address Not Found bounce for your address. Please ask your email administrator to verify that the mailbox or alias exists, Gmail is activated, and the domain’s MX records and routing settings are correct. Please also check the SMTP code in the bounce.”
Gmail app and device checks
On Android or iPhone, open the bounce, copy the recipient address from the failure details, start a new message in the Gmail app, remove the current recipient chip, and type or paste the address again. Check for spaces and stray punctuation before sending. If the wrong address returns as a suggestion, edit the corresponding entry in Google Contacts or your device’s Contacts app; menu labels can vary by app and operating-system version.
Clearing the Gmail app cache is not a fix for a nonexistent address, an inactive mailbox, or broken recipient-domain routing. Consider app troubleshooting only if Gmail itself is malfunctioning—for example, if the interface cannot compose or send to multiple known-good addresses.
Who should handle the next step?
| What the evidence suggests | Who should act | Next step |
|---|---|---|
| Misspelling, wrong domain ending, or stray character | You and the recipient | Confirm the current address and send a new message. |
| Wrong Gmail suggestion or saved contact | You | Remove the recipient chip, hide the suggestion, and correct the relevant contact record. |
| Mailbox or alias missing or unavailable | Recipient or their email administrator | Verify the account, alias, group settings, and ability to receive external mail. |
| Custom-domain or MX problem | Recipient’s Workspace administrator, email provider, or domain/DNS host | Check domain status, MX records, and routing with the provider that manages them. |
| Temporary connection or routing failure | Recipient’s email provider or administrator | Wait and retry later; escalate if the failure continues. |
| Policy, spam, or sender-specific rejection | Recipient or their organization’s administrator | Review the full bounce, filters, quarantine, and sender restrictions. |
Personal Gmail users generally cannot inspect the recipient’s Workspace settings or mail logs. If the detailed bounce identifies a recipient-side problem, give the recipient the full failure notice, including its code and server reply, so their provider or administrator has useful diagnostic information.
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