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A “disconnected” Claude MCP server is not one failure. It can mean that Claude Desktop could not launch a local process, a remote connector cannot reach its endpoint, authentication expired, or Claude Code closed a command immediately. Identify the Claude product, whether the server is local or remote, and the exact error before changing configuration. Then use the matching checks below.
Start by identifying the connection that failed
Write down these three facts first:
- Client: Claude Desktop, Claude Code, or Claude on the web.
- Server location: a process running on your computer, or a remote MCP endpoint.
- Exact symptom: for example, missing tools, an expired-login message, a failed connection, or Claude Code’s “Connection closed.”
“MCP server disconnected” is a symptom, not a diagnosis. A local launch error requires different checks from an unreachable HTTPS endpoint, and neither is fixed by repeatedly re-authorizing an account.
Claude Desktop: repair a local MCP server or extension
These checks follow Anthropic’s published guidance for local MCP servers and extensions. They are diagnostic steps, not a guarantee that one particular server will be fixed. See Anthropic’s local MCP instructions for the current Desktop interface.
1. Update Claude Desktop
Install the latest Claude Desktop release for your operating system, then quit and reopen it. An older client can fail to load an extension that expects newer MCP behavior. Record the version before escalating so the server operator can reproduce the environment.
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2. Check the extension or server configuration
Open the installed extension’s configuration and verify every required value. Look specifically for:
- Missing or misspelled credentials, API keys, or environment variables.
- File paths that no longer exist, use the wrong executable, or contain incorrect quoting.
- A working directory that changed after an application or repository move.
- Permissions preventing Claude Desktop from reading the configuration or launching the process.
Do not paste secrets into a support request. Confirm values locally and redact them from any log you share.
3. Restart when tools do not appear
If the extension is installed but its tools are absent, fully quit Claude Desktop and launch it again. A restart refreshes the extension registry and can clear a stale process state. Merely closing a conversation is not equivalent to restarting the application.
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4. Enable debug logging and inspect extension logs
Use Claude Desktop’s settings to enable debug logging, then inspect the extension logs under Settings > Extensions. Look for the first launch error, not only the final “disconnected” line. A missing executable, rejected credential, malformed JSON value, or process exit code usually appears earlier in the log.
5. Check managed-device policy
On an enterprise or managed installation, an administrator may have disabled a particular extension or local-development MCP capability. If the configuration is correct but the extension never launches, ask the administrator whether policy blocks local MCP servers. Do not bypass a company control by copying credentials to an unmanaged machine.
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Remote MCP connector: test reachability, authentication, and transport
A remote connector is a server reached over the network rather than a process Claude starts on your computer. Anthropic’s remote MCP guidance says Claude supports authless and OAuth-based servers, including token expiry and refresh when the server implements it.
Confirm the endpoint is reachable
- Verify the server is running and that its hostname resolves from the network used by Claude.
- Check firewalls, VPN requirements, corporate proxies, allowlists, and TLS certificate validity.
- Confirm that the configured URL is the MCP endpoint, not a landing page or an unrelated API route.
A browser opening the domain does not prove that the MCP route, method, or streaming response is available. Ask the operator whether the endpoint is currently accepting MCP connections.
Recheck authentication and authorization
For OAuth, complete the authorization flow again if the token expired, was revoked, or the redirect was interrupted. For token-based authentication, verify the header or credential expected by the server and whether it has been rotated. A server can be online while rejecting every request from an expired identity.
Verify transport behavior
Anthropic’s current remote guidance describes both Server-Sent Events (SSE) and Streamable HTTP, while noting that SSE may be deprecated in coming months. Anthropic’s directory policy expects remote servers to support Streamable HTTP. Check which transport the server implements and which one the connector is configured to use; a mismatch can look like an immediate disconnect.
Test directly in Claude, then with MCP Inspector
Anthropic states: “The best way to test and validate a server is to try adding it to Claude.” Add the server again and record the complete error. For deeper validation, use MCP Inspector to determine whether authentication completes and to list the tools, prompts, and resources the server exposes. If Inspector succeeds but Claude fails, compare the server’s Claude-specific access rules, callback configuration, headers, and transport settings with the official remote guidance. That result does not by itself prove a Claude outage.
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Claude Code: inspect the server entry and the running process
Claude Code provides commands for examining and removing configured servers. The command syntax is documented in Anthropic’s CLI reference; MCP-specific guidance is also available in Anthropic’s MCP guide.
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claude mcp list
claude mcp get <name>Use the output to check the command, arguments, environment values, scope, and URL. Compare the entry with the server’s installation instructions. If it points at a deleted package, old path, or stale login, correct the entry rather than repeatedly starting it.
Manage authentication and status in the interactive client
Inside Claude Code, use /mcp to view MCP status and manage or authenticate servers. If an entry is irreparably stale, remove it and add it again:
claude mcp remove <name>Save the original command before removal so you can restore it accurately.
Native Windows and the “Connection closed” error
Anthropic’s Windows MCP guidance warns that a local server launched through npx may need a cmd /c wrapper. Use this pattern only when you are on native Windows and the command is an npx-based server showing the relevant execution error:
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Use the error to choose the next check
| What you see | Most likely area | Next action |
|---|---|---|
| Tools never appear in Claude Desktop | Extension registry, process launch, or policy | Restart Desktop, inspect Settings > Extensions logs, and check managed-device restrictions. |
| Missing executable, path, or configuration value | Local configuration | Validate paths, working directory, permissions, environment values, and credentials. |
| OAuth login loops or is rejected | Remote authentication | Authorize again and check expiry, revocation, redirect, and server-side token handling. |
| Endpoint times out or cannot be reached | Network or server availability | Check DNS, VPN, proxy, firewall, TLS, uptime, and the exact MCP URL. |
| Inspector works but Claude does not | Client-specific access or transport settings | Compare Claude configuration, headers, callback rules, and transport with the server documentation. |
| Claude Code says “Connection closed” on Windows | Local npx process launch |
Try the documented cmd /c npx form, then inspect the server entry with claude mcp get. |
When the server itself is the problem
If Desktop configuration, remote reachability, authentication, transport, and Claude Code entries are correct, the failure may be server-side. The operator should check process crashes, deployment logs, upstream API failures, rate limits, certificate changes, and regressions in the MCP implementation.
Anthropic’s MCP Directory Policy says: “MCP servers must gracefully handle errors and provide helpful feedback rather than generic error messages.” A server that repeatedly drops connections should return an actionable error and publish troubleshooting documentation. For a third-party remote connector, connect only to an organization you trust and review the permissions it requests.
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Give the operator or support team a compact, reproducible report:
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- Claude product, version, operating system, and whether the server is local or remote.
- Server name, endpoint or launch command, and transport (Streamable HTTP or SSE).
- UTC time of the failure and whether it happens every time or intermittently.
- The exact error, relevant redacted log lines, and whether MCP Inspector or another client succeeds.
- Recent changes to credentials, OAuth consent, package versions, DNS, firewall, proxy, or deployment.
Remove API keys, access tokens, cookies, authorization headers, private URLs, and personal data before sharing logs.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How can I tell whether my MCP server is local or remote?
A local server is a process Claude launches on your computer, usually from a command or executable path. A remote server is identified by a network endpoint and requires reachability, transport, and authentication checks.
Should I delete and re-add a disconnected server?
Only after recording its current configuration. Re-adding can repair a stale Claude Code entry or expired authorization, but it will not fix an unavailable endpoint or a crashing server.
Is SSE still supported for remote MCP?
Anthropic’s current guidance supports SSE and Streamable HTTP while warning that SSE may be deprecated in coming months. Confirm the server’s current transport recommendation before changing it.
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