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Convert four edges into html2canvas options
html2canvas represents a crop as a rectangle whose origin is its top-left corner. The official configuration defines x as the crop canvas x-coordinate and y as the crop canvas y-coordinate; width and height define the output canvas dimensions. In other words, the right and bottom values are edges, not sizes.
| Your bound | html2canvas option | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Left edge | x |
left |
| Top edge | y |
top |
| Right edge | width |
right - left |
| Bottom edge | height |
bottom - top |
This is the same rectangle model used by canvas APIs: coordinates locate the upper-left corner, while dimensions describe how far the rectangle extends. The html2canvas project’s documented instruction is to “Pass x, y, width and height options to crop the output.”
Complete JavaScript example
The following example captures the element with four inclusive-style edge coordinates. In practice, the right and bottom edges act as exclusive limits because the dimensions are calculated by subtraction.
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const element = document.querySelector('#invoice');
const bounds = {
top: 100,
left: 50,
bottom: 500,
right: 650,
};
if (!Number.isFinite(bounds.left) ||
!Number.isFinite(bounds.top) ||
!Number.isFinite(bounds.right) ||
!Number.isFinite(bounds.bottom)) {
throw new TypeError('All crop bounds must be finite numbers');
}
if (bounds.right <= bounds.left || bounds.bottom <= bounds.top) {
throw new Error('right must exceed left and bottom must exceed top');
}
html2canvas(element, {
x: bounds.left,
y: bounds.top,
width: bounds.right - bounds.left,
height: bounds.bottom - bounds.top,
}).then((canvas) => {
document.body.appendChild(canvas);
// Export when you need a file or data URL:
const pngUrl = canvas.toDataURL('image/png');
console.log(pngUrl);
});For the sample values, html2canvas starts at (50, 100), renders a 600-pixel-wide region, and renders a 400-pixel-high region. The source element must be large enough to contain that rectangle; otherwise the visible result may be clipped by the element or by the browser’s renderable area.
Choosing coordinates correctly
Element coordinates versus viewport coordinates
Choose coordinates in the coordinate space used by the element and html2canvas render. If your bounds come from getBoundingClientRect(), those values are viewport-relative and may need to be translated when the crop is intended to be relative to a particular element or document. A simple element-relative crop usually starts at left: 0 and top: 0; a crop beginning 40 CSS pixels inside the element uses x: 40.
Scrolling and off-screen content
A crop can refer to content outside the currently visible viewport, but the element must be laid out with the dimensions you expect. For long pages, set the rendering window to the element’s scroll dimensions when appropriate:
const width = element.scrollWidth;
const height = element.scrollHeight;
html2canvas(element, {
windowWidth: width,
windowHeight: height,
x: 0,
y: 0,
width,
height,
});The html2canvas FAQ notes that matching windowWidth and windowHeight to the element’s scroll dimensions can help with very large pages. It does not remove browser canvas-size limits, so extremely large captures can still be truncated or empty.
CSS pixels, device pixels, and scale
Coordinates are normally supplied in CSS-pixel space. The scale option controls the backing resolution of the rendered canvas and defaults to window.devicePixelRatio. A crop that is 600 CSS pixels wide can therefore have a backing width of 1,200 pixels on a device with a 2× device-pixel ratio. Keep the crop geometry in CSS pixels, and adjust scale when you need predictable output dimensions or lower memory use.
html2canvas(element, {
x: bounds.left,
y: bounds.top,
width: bounds.right - bounds.left,
height: bounds.bottom - bounds.top,
scale: 1, // predictable 1 CSS pixel to 1 backing pixel
});Validation and reusable crop helper
Putting conversion and validation in one function prevents negative dimensions and makes it easier to reuse saved selections.
function captureBounds(element, bounds, options = {}) {
const { top, left, bottom, right } = bounds;
for (const [name, value] of Object.entries({ top, left, bottom, right })) {
if (!Number.isFinite(value)) {
throw new TypeError(`${name} must be a finite number`);
}
}
if (right <= left) throw new RangeError('right must exceed left');
if (bottom <= top) throw new RangeError('bottom must exceed top');
return html2canvas(element, {
...options,
x: left,
y: top,
width: right - left,
height: bottom - top,
});
}
captureBounds(
document.querySelector('#chart'),
{ top: 24, left: 32, right: 832, bottom: 624 },
{ backgroundColor: '#fff' }
).then((canvas) => {
document.querySelector('#preview').replaceChildren(canvas);
});Keep the validation before calling html2canvas. A zero-width or zero-height rectangle is not a useful capture, and an inverted rectangle indicates a selection or coordinate-conversion bug.
Direct cropping versus post-cropping
| Approach | Advantages | Costs and risks |
|---|---|---|
Pass x, y, width, height to html2canvas |
Renders only the requested region, reducing the work and memory needed for a large unused area; the bounds are explicit. | Coordinates must be in the correct render space, and large or cross-origin content can still fail during rendering. |
| Capture a larger canvas, then draw a sub-rectangle to a second canvas | Useful when you need several crops from one already-rendered image or when selection coordinates are easier to apply after capture. | The initial canvas can consume substantially more memory; scaling and device-pixel-ratio conversions must be handled when copying pixels. |
For one region, direct cropping is usually the simpler path. Post-cropping is sensible when multiple output rectangles share one expensive render.
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Cross-origin images and canvas security
Images loaded from another origin can be blocked or can taint the canvas. The html2canvas FAQ documents useCORS: true when the image server returns a suitable Access-Control-Allow-Origin header. If the remote server does not permit CORS, use a same-origin proxy or remove the image before capture.
html2canvas(element, {
x: bounds.left,
y: bounds.top,
width: bounds.right - bounds.left,
height: bounds.bottom - bounds.top,
useCORS: true,
});useCORS is not a permission bypass: the image response still needs an appropriate header, and credentials or restrictive policies may require a proxy designed for your application.
Large pages, memory, and reliability
- Prefer the smallest useful rectangle instead of capturing an entire document and discarding most of it.
- Lower
scalewhen a high-density backing canvas is not required; backing dimensions and memory grow with the scale factor in both directions. - Split very tall reports into several captures when the browser’s canvas limits are exceeded.
- Wait until fonts, images, and application data have rendered before calling html2canvas; otherwise the crop can be geometrically correct but visually incomplete.
- Test at the viewport widths your users actually use. Responsive layout changes can move the content beneath fixed bounds.
When a capture is blank or truncated, first reduce the rectangle and scale, then check the element’s scroll dimensions and browser console for security errors. A successful promise only means html2canvas produced a canvas; it does not guarantee that every external resource was drawable.
Common problems and fixes
The crop is shifted
Cause: viewport coordinates were supplied as element coordinates, or scroll offsets were applied twice. Fix: decide whether the bounds are relative to the target element, document, or viewport, then convert once into the target element’s render space.
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The output is empty
Cause: the rectangle is outside the rendered content, dimensions are zero or negative, or a browser canvas limit was reached. Fix: log the four bounds and derived dimensions, confirm right > left and bottom > top, then try a smaller region and scale: 1.
Images disappear or export throws a security error
Cause: a cross-origin image lacks permissive CORS headers. Fix: enable useCORS only when the image host supports it, configure that host’s CORS policy, or proxy the image through your own origin.
The crop contains the old layout
Cause: capture ran before a framework update, web font, lazy image, or animation completed. Fix: wait for the relevant selector or resource in your application, disable or freeze animations for the capture, and call html2canvas after the final layout has been painted.
Only the visible portion is captured
Cause: the element or rendering window is smaller than its scrollable content. Fix: measure scrollWidth and scrollHeight, and pass suitable windowWidth and windowHeight values for a full-page render.
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Or skip the browser setup
For server-side or automated screenshots, ScreenshotNeo accepts a URL and returns PNG, JPEG, WebP, or PDF. Its crop-oriented options include full-page capture, CSS-selector element capture, viewport and device presets, custom CSS and JavaScript, waits, hidden selectors, and image resizing. A single request looks like this; see the ScreenshotNeo documentation for the current parameter reference.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot" -d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY --data-urlencode url=https://stripe.com -o shot.webpimport requests
r = requests.get("https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot", params={"access_key": "YOUR_API_KEY", "url": "https://stripe.com"}, timeout=90)
open("shot.webp", "wb").write(r.content)const q = new URLSearchParams({ access_key: 'YOUR_API_KEY', url: 'https://stripe.com' });
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When to use each method
- Use html2canvas when the capture must happen inside the user’s browser and you already have the DOM element and local state.
- Use direct bounds when you know the rectangle in the element’s coordinate space and want to avoid rendering unused pixels.
- Use post-cropping when one render will produce several related rectangles.
- Use a URL screenshot service when you need repeatable server-side jobs, PDFs, webhooks, bulk URLs, or an AI-agent workflow rather than browser code.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do right and bottom mean width and height in html2canvas?
No. They are edge coordinates in your own bounds object. Derive dimensions with width = right - left and height = bottom - top.
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Can I use fractional crop values?
Use finite numeric CSS-coordinate values. If your workflow requires exact pixel boundaries, normalize or round them consistently before rendering and keep the chosen scale documented.
Why does changing scale change the exported file dimensions?
The scale option changes the canvas backing resolution. Its default is window.devicePixelRatio, so one CSS-pixel crop can occupy multiple backing pixels on high-density displays.
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