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Short answer: The United States uses country calling code +1 and, for conventional direct international calls, the outbound international prefix 011. From a modern mobile phone or many VoIP apps, use + country code + national number instead. The +1 code is shared by the North American Numbering Plan (NANP), so it does not identify only the 50 U.S. states.
For example, a UK number written domestically as 020 1234 5678 is generally dialled from the U.S. as 011 44 20 1234 5678, or saved on a mobile as +44 20 1234 5678. The domestic UK trunk prefix, 0, is omitted. Exact formatting depends on the destination numbering plan.
Country code, international prefix and area code are different
| Term | What it does | U.S. example |
|---|---|---|
| Country calling code | Identifies the international destination or numbering area. | +1 |
| International dialing prefix | Tells the originating network that the call is leaving its domestic system. | 011 from the U.S. context |
| Area code | Identifies a geographic or numbering area within a country or NANP destination. | 212 |
| National trunk prefix | A domestic long-distance instruction, often a leading 0. It is commonly removed internationally. |
For example, the first 0 in UK 020 |
| Plus sign | A portable notation meaning “substitute the local international access prefix.” | + |
Country codes are assigned within the ITU-T E.164 numbering framework. The ITU dialing-procedures reference distinguishes the international prefix, country code, national trunk prefix and national significant number.
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What is the U.S. country code?
The U.S. country calling code is +1. However, +1 is the code for the wider North American Numbering Plan, which also includes Canada, Puerto Rico, Guam, Bermuda, the Bahamas and other participating countries and territories. The following area code identifies the particular destination. A U.S. number can therefore be represented as:
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+1 + three-digit area code + seven-digit subscriber number
Illustration: +1 212 555 0123. The number is illustrative, not a claim that the line is assigned or reachable.
What is the U.S. international dialing prefix?
For conventional direct dialing from the United States or another NANP location, the international access prefix is normally 011. It is not the U.S. country code and it is not part of the destination’s telephone number.
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+ destination country code + national numberA mobile phone replaces the + with the network’s appropriate exit method. On most phones, holding the 0 key enters +, although keypad behaviour varies by device, carrier and app. Many VoIP services accept the full plus-number directly.
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How to call another country from the U.S.
From a U.S. landline
- Confirm that international calling is enabled.
- Dial
011. - Enter the destination country code.
- Enter the destination number in its international form.
- Remove the destination’s domestic trunk prefix where that numbering plan requires it.
- Check the carrier’s current rate before a long call.
General pattern:
011 + country code + area/region or mobile code + national numberA hotel, office or school PBX may require an outside-line code first, such as 9. That code belongs to the local phone system, so a possible sequence is 9 + 011 + country code + number; it is not part of international dialing standards.
From a U.S. mobile phone
Save or dial the number in portable form:
+ country code + national numberFor example, the UK can be dialled as +44 20 1234 5678. Where supported, 011 44 20 1234 5678 is the equivalent direct-dial sequence. Before tapping Call, check which carrier or app will route the call.
Examples
Calling the United Kingdom
A UK domestic number may be displayed as 020 1234 5678. Its usual international representation is:
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+44 20 1234 5678 - From a U.S. landline:
011 44 20 1234 5678
The leading domestic 0 is omitted. This is an illustrative transformation; verify the destination’s current format using the ITU country data.
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Calling France
Use 011 33 followed by the French number in international format, or use +33 on a mobile. French geographic and mobile formats should be checked against the country-specific procedure rather than converted by simply adding a plus sign.
Calling the U.S. from abroad
Use the originating country’s exit prefix, then 1, the three-digit area code and the seven-digit number:
+1 212 555 0123On a foreign landline, replace + with that country’s international prefix. Do not add an extra U.S. trunk prefix before the area code.
Calling Canada or another NANP destination
NANP numbers commonly use:
1 + area code + seven-digit numberDo not assume that every NANP destination is billed like a domestic U.S. call. Caribbean destinations can have separate international rates; check your carrier’s lookup, such as AT&T’s international-calling guidance.
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Why the leading zero often disappears
Many countries use a national trunk prefix, commonly 0, for domestic long-distance calls. That prefix is generally not dialled after the country code. Thus:
Domestic: 020 1234 5678
International: +44 20 1234 5678This is a numbering-plan rule, not an unconditional instruction to delete every zero. Special services, mobile ranges and country-specific formats can differ. Use the ITU dialing procedures for the destination.
Saving international numbers
Store contacts in full international form, for example +1 212 555 0123 or +44 20 1234 5678. This is generally more portable when travelling because the local network can interpret the plus sign. A correctly formatted contact can still fail if the number is inactive, blocked, premium-rate, satellite, restricted or incompatible with the current roaming service.
Dialing syntax does not determine price
The + sign only affects routing notation; it does not make a call free. Your cost can depend on the country, landline or mobile termination, plan, roaming status, billing increments and whether the number is premium, satellite or another special service.
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When travelling, separate four questions: where the caller is located, which network or app carries the call, what number is being called, and which billing plan applies. A U.S. subscriber roaming abroad may pay roaming charges even when calling a U.S. number.
For VoIP, confirm the app is actually routing the call. Google Voice says paid calls display pricing or routing information; if that confirmation does not appear, the mobile carrier may handle and bill the call. Its rate and credit information is destination-specific and can change.
Messaging apps such as WhatsApp or Signal can be economical when both people use the same app and have Wi-Fi or data, but app-to-app calls do not automatically reach an ordinary landline or mobile number.
Troubleshooting a failed call
- Recheck the country code and area or mobile code.
- Remove the destination’s domestic trunk prefix if required.
- Confirm that the carrier permits international calling and that the line has service while roaming.
- Check whether the destination is premium-rate, satellite, toll-free, short-code or otherwise restricted.
- For an office or hotel phone, add its outside-line access code.
- Confirm whether a calling app is intercepting the call or falling back to the mobile carrier.
- Compare the carrier’s current price, including connection fees and partial-minute rounding.
If a number works domestically but not internationally, it may be a local short code, domestic toll-free service or a number whose international format differs from its local display. Do not mechanically prepend + to every domestic number.
Country-code lookup
For a current destination-specific answer, consult the ITU dialing-procedures resource. Look for the international prefix used where the caller is located, the destination country code, the national trunk prefix and the national significant number. Country procedures and service availability can change, so a static online country-code list may be incomplete.
Quick reference
- U.S. country/NANP code:
+1 - U.S. outbound international prefix:
011for conventional direct dialing - Portable mobile format:
+ country code + national number - Calling the U.S. from abroad:
+1 + area code + seven-digit number - Leading zero: Usually omit the destination’s domestic trunk prefix, subject to that country’s numbering plan
- Emergency help abroad: Use the emergency number of the country where you are located; the FCC’s travel guidance advises checking it before relying on U.S. emergency numbers
The Bottom Line
Remember the distinction: +1 identifies the NANP region, 011 is the usual U.S. international exit prefix, and + is the portable mobile notation. Use the destination’s proper international number—not simply its domestic version with a plus sign—and verify routing and rates before calling.
Quick Recap
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